Click to enlargeIntroduction to<br>Signaling System 7 (SS7)<a name="top">

SSP, STP, SCP, and SS7 Protocol Layers Operation

Authors: Lawrence Harte, Richard Dreher, David Bowler, Toni Beninger

Number of Pages: 138
Number of diagrams: 63


Printed or Electronic Version Available - Electronic Version has Color Diagrams

This book explains the basic operation of the signaling system 7 (SS7). SS7 is the standard communication system that is used to control public telephone networks. This book will help the reader gain an understanding of SS7 technology, network equipment, and overall operation. It covers the reasons why SS7 exists and is necessary, as well as step-by-step procedures that describe the actions that occur in the network. Introduction to Signaling System 7 (SS7) is for the technical and the semi-technical reader alike. Some of the most important topics featured are:

· SS7 network architecture including SSP, SCP, and STP operations
· Call processing control (ISUP) and broadband telephony applications (BISUP)
· Mobile application part (MAP)
· Transaction capabilities part (TCAP)
· Operations, Maintenance and Administration (OMAP)

Sample Diagrams

There are 63 explanatory diagrams in this book

SS7 Signaling Link Types

This figure shows the relationship between the link names and the link location (type). Signaling links are logically organized by link type ("A" through "F") according to their use in the SS7 signaling network. The "A" (access) links connect the signaling end points (e.g., an SCP or SSP) to the STPs. Only messages originating from or destined to the signaling end point are transmitted on an "A" link. The "B" (bridge) links connect the STP to another STP. The "C" (cross) link connects STPs performing identical functions into a mated pair. "D" (diagonal) links connect the secondary (e.g., local or regional) STP pair to a primary (e.g., inter-network gateway) STP pair in a quad-link configuration. "E" (extended) links connect the SSP to an alternate STP. An "F" (fully associated) link is connected between two signaling end points (i.e., SSPs and SCPs).


ISDN-UP Message Format

This figure shows that the ISDN-UP message is composed of a routing label (for call setup and delivery) connection identification code (for circuit identification), message type (control), mandatory parts (required parameters), and optional information (optional parameters).


SS7 MAP Network

This illustration is a functional block diagram of a wireless network and how it uses MAP protocols between the equipments. This diagram shows that the different versions of SS7 MAP are used between network elements in a wireless network. It also shows that MAP is not used in the radio link. Instead, the relative parts of MAP are transformed into commands that can be sent on the radio links.


Table of Contents

Chapter 1 - SS7 Defined
The Need for SS7
Basic SS7 Network Architecture
SS7 Signaling Link Types
- Access Link (A Link)
- Bridge Link (B Link)
- Cross Link (C Link)
- Diagonal Link (D Link)
- Extended Link (E Link)
- Fully Associated Link (F Link)
Service Switching Points (SSP)
Signal Transfer Points (STP)
Service Control Points (SCP)
SS7 Reliability
ISDN Access Protocol
SS7 Mapped Onto the OSI Layer Model

Chapter 2 - Message Transfer Part (MTP) Level 1
Digital Signaling Link
Analog Signaling Link

Chapter 3 - Message Transfer Part (MTP) Level 2
Message Formats
- Message Signal Units (MSU)
- Link Status Signal Unit (LSSU)
- Fill-in Signal Unit (FISU)
- Link Control Procedures

Chapter 4 - Message Transfer Part (MTP) Level 3
Signaling Message Handling
- Signaling Information Field: Routing Label
Signaling Network Management

- Signaling Link Management
- Signaling Route Management
- Signaling Traffic Management

Chapter 5 - Signaling Connection Control Part (SCCP)
SCCP Addressing Translation
Connectionless Service
Connection Oriented Services
- SCCP Formats

Chapter 6 - Integrated Services Digital Network User Part (ISDN-UP)
Services
- Basic Bearer Services
- Supplementary Services
ISDN-UP Message Formats

Chapter 7 - Transaction Capabilities Application Part (TCAP)
Introduction
TCAP Message Formats
- TCAP Component Layer Types
- Transaction Sub-layer
- Information Elements
TCAP Applications
- Network Ring Again
- Credit/Calling Card Verification
- 800 Freephone Service

Chapter 8 - Operations, Maintenance and Administration Part (OMAP)
Management Model
- System Management Application Process (SMAP)
- Management Information Base
- System Management Application Entity (SMAE)
OMAP Application Service Elements (ASE)
- Message Routing Verification Test (MRVT)
- Circuit Validation Test (CVT)

Chapter 9 - Mobile Application Part (MAP)
Wireless Networks
- Base Transceiver Station (BTS)
- Base Station Controller (BSC)
- Switching Centers
- Network Databases
- Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)
- Internet
Mobile Application Part (MAP) Interfaces
- Mobility Management
- SS7 Applications of Mobility
- Basic Service Support
- Mobile Paging
- Authentication
SS7 Mobility Standardization and Interoperability

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About the Authors

Mr. Lawrence Harte is the president of Althos, an expert information provider covering the communications industry. He has over 29 years of technology analysis, development, implementation, and business management experience. Mr. Harte has worked for leading companies including Ericsson/General Electric, Audiovox/Toshiba and Westinghouse and consulted for hundreds of other companies. Mr. Harte continually researches, analyzes, and tests new communication technologies, applications, and services. He has authored over 30 books on telecommunications technologies on topics including Wireless Mobile, Data Communications, VoIP, Broadband, Prepaid Services, and Communications Billing. Mr. Harte’s holds many degrees and certificates include an Executive MBA from Wake Forest University (1995) and a BSET from the University of the State of New York, (1990).

Mr. Bowler is an independent telecommunications training consultant. He has almost 20 years experience in designing and delivering training in the areas of wireless networks and related technologies, including CDMA, TDMA, GSM and 3G systems. He also has expertise in Wireless Local Loop and microwave radio systems and has designed and delivered a range of training courses on SS7 and other network signaling protocols. Mr. Bowler has worked for a number of telecommunications operators including Cable and Wireless and Mercury Communications and also for Wray Castle a telecommunications training company where he was responsible for the design of training programmes for delivery on a global basis. Mr. Bowler was educated in the United Kingdom and holds a series of specialized maritime electronic engineering certificates.

Richard C. Dreher, P.E. is an executive consultant to the telecommunications industry working for global telecommunication companies. Since 1983, Mr. Dreher has experience in digital communications, including long distance tandem switching, local number portability (LNP), local area network (LAN) design, SS7 engineering, cellular equipment product planning and technical sales, and Advanced Intelligent Network (AIN) and Service Creation product marketing. His entrepreneurialism led to start-up experience with a PCS wireless carrier as their network systems technology director. Richard earned his BSEE from the University of Colorado, is a registered Professional Engineer (P.E.), a senior member and past executive officer of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and a published author in trade journals, text books, and magazines.

Toni Beninger is an interactive multimedia software specialist for the telecommunications industry. Ms. Beninger earned her B.Sc. degree from the University of Ottawa, and subsequently completed her education qualifications at Queen's University. She has had an extensive career in telecommunications documentation and training. Ms. Beninger was the senior technical training manager at Bell-northern Research Ltd.'s main laboratory in Ottawa. Ms. Beninger has been an executive at Sanctuary Woods, a multimedia software company. Ms. Beninger has extensive experience in SONET and Signaling System 7 (SS7).




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